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MOFET – Unit 10 – Planet Earth and the World

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Unit 10 — Planet Earth and the World

About this unit

In this unit we travel around the world without leaving our seats. You will watch a short video about our planet, read a passage about Earth and its continents, learn the key vocabulary, and complete an interactive practice with 30 questions about world geography.

Watch — A Tour of Our Planet

Watch this video carefully. You can replay it as many times as you need and turn on subtitles if it helps you. After you finish watching, answer the reflection questions in the worksheet at the bottom of this page.

Reading: Our Planet, Our World

Earth is the third planet from the Sun. As far as we know, it is the only planet where life exists. From space, our planet looks blue and white, because most of its surface is covered with water. For this reason, people sometimes call Earth “the blue planet.”

The land on Earth is divided into seven huge areas called continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. Asia is the largest continent and the most crowded — more people live there than on any other continent. Australia is the smallest. Antarctica, in the far south, is covered with ice; very few people live there, mostly scientists in research stations.

Between the continents we find five oceans: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, the Southern, and the Arctic. Together, the oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface. The Pacific Ocean is the largest — it is so big that all the continents in the world could fit inside it.

Earth has more than 190 countries. Each country has its own government, its own flag, and very often its own language. People around the world speak more than seven thousand different languages. The most common are English, Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, Hindi, Arabic, and many more. The line on a map between two countries is called a border, and the main city of each country — where the government usually sits — is called the capital.

To talk about location on Earth, we use special words. The line that goes around the middle of the planet is called the equator. The half above the equator is the Northern Hemisphere; the half below it is the Southern Hemisphere. We also use the four directions: north, south, east, and west.

Different parts of the world have very different climates. Near the equator, it is usually hot all year. Near the North and South Poles, it is very cold. In the areas in between, we have four seasons — spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The climate, the land, and the water together shape the environment in which plants, animals, and people live.

Even though we live in different countries and speak different languages, we all share one planet. Looking at a world map can help us see how big — and how connected — our world really is.

The Seven Continents

North America
Includes the USA, Canada, Mexico, and Greenland.
South America
Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Colombia and more — home to the Amazon rainforest.
Europe
Over 40 countries, from Portugal in the west to Russia in the east.
Africa
The second largest continent — Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya and many more.
Asia
The biggest continent — China, India, Russia, Japan, Indonesia, and many more.
Australia
The smallest continent — one country plus New Zealand and Pacific islands nearby.
Antarctica
Covered with ice. No countries — only research stations live there.

The World Map

Look at the map below. Find each of the seven continents and try to recognize the countries you have heard of. Use the colors to match what you read above.

World map showing the seven continents
The seven continents — North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, Antarctica.

Vocabulary

Word Meaning
planeta very large round object that moves around a star
Earththe planet we live on
surfacethe outer or top part of something
continentone of the seven very large areas of land on Earth
oceana very large area of salt water (Pacific, Atlantic, etc.)
seaa smaller area of salt water, usually part of an ocean
countryan area of land with its own government and people (e.g. Israel, USA)
governmentthe group of people who run a country
flaga piece of cloth with a special design that represents a country
languagethe system of words and rules people use to speak and write
capitalthe main city of a country, usually where the government is
borderthe line on a map between two countries
populationthe total number of people who live in a place
equatorthe imaginary line around the middle of the Earth
hemisphereone of the two halves of the Earth (Northern or Southern)
north / south / east / westthe four main directions on a map or compass
climatethe usual weather in a place over a long period of time
deserta very dry area with little rain (e.g. the Sahara)
foresta large area covered with trees (e.g. the Amazon)
mountaina very high piece of land (much higher than a hill)
rivera long line of fresh water that flows from high land to the sea
mapa flat picture of an area of the Earth
globea round model of the Earth
environmentthe natural surroundings (land, water, air, plants, animals)

Practice — World Geography Quiz

Time to test what you know about our planet. The questions cover continents, oceans, countries, climate, and key geography vocabulary. At the end you’ll see your score and can retest only the questions you missed.

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After the Video — Personal Worksheet

Now think about the video you watched at the top of this page. Use this worksheet to write your own answers in your own words. Your answers are saved automatically in your browser. When you’re done, you can print your worksheet.

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1. What was the most surprising or interesting thing you learned from the video?

2. Name three new English words you heard in the video. Write each one in a sentence of your own.

3. Pick one continent that interests you. Why does it interest you, and what would you like to see or do there?

4. The reading says, “We all share one planet.” What do you think this means in everyday life? Give one example.

5. Take time to think — name two things you can do, as one person, to take care of our planet.

✓ Saved
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